Rollinia (Custard Apple Family) Fruit Plant

Rollinia is a tropical fruit native to South America. The fruit is large and rounded, with a distinctive surface covered in soft, pointed protuberances that gradually turn darker or blackish as the fruit ripens. The pulp is sweet, soft, and pleasantly flavored, making it a popular exotic fruit in warm regions.

Growing Conditions

Rollinia thrives in warm subtropical to tropical climates and is highly sensitive to cold. Temperatures as low as 3°C can damage or kill young trees. High humidity is essential for proper flowering and fruit set, and consistent watering is required during flowering and fruit development to prevent premature fruit drop.

The plant prefers deep, well-drained soils rich in organic matter but can also adapt to sandy, calcareous, or clay soils. It can tolerate occasional flooding under suitable conditions.

Maintenance and Pruning

Regular pruning is important as lateral branches can become long and drooping. The tree should be skirted and trimmed to prevent branches from breaking under fruit weight or touching the ground, which may cause fruit damage or rot.

Pests and Diseases

Common issues include scale insects, mealybugs, and possibly fruit flies. Proper orchard management helps reduce infestations and maintain fruit quality.

Fruit Development and Harvesting

Rollinia trees grown from seed typically begin fruiting after 3–4 years. Fruits mature about 60 days after flowering and yields increase as the tree matures, with well-managed 15-year-old trees producing up to 150 fruits per year.

Fruits should be harvested when firm but just starting to turn yellow. They can ripen within 3–7 days after picking. Fully ripe fruits show darkened tips on their spines. Fruits must be clipped carefully to avoid damage, as bruised fruit quickly darkens, softens, and may ferment within 1–2 days.