Fig / Anjeer / Athi pazham (Isreal, Layer) Fruit Plant

Israel Fig is a selected variety of Ficus carica, belonging to the mulberry family (Moraceae). Among more than 700 known fig varieties, it is valued for its good taste, improved productivity, and suitability for commercial cultivation. The fruits are medium-sized and typically turn red to dark black when fully ripe. The leaves are comparatively smaller than many other fig types, making this variety easier to manage in plantation systems.

Fig (Ficus carica), commonly known as fig or “athi pazham,” is native to the Middle East and Western Asia. It has been cultivated since ancient times and is now grown worldwide for its fruit as well as for ornamental and shade purposes. Fig trees are also widely used in landscaping to provide natural shade, helping reduce heat and energy use around homes and buildings.

Planting Instructions

When planting Israel Fig, adequate spacing above and below ground should be considered for mature growth. A pit of approximately 60 × 60 × 60 cm is recommended, ideally 3–4 times wider than the plant container. The pit should be filled with fertile topsoil for proper root development, avoiding heavy clay soil.

Mix 3–5 kg of compost or cow dung with about 250 g of rock phosphate or bone meal into the soil before planting. Place the plant carefully in the center of the pit, ensuring it is not planted too deep and that grafted portions remain above soil level. Firm the soil gently to avoid air pockets and support the plant if needed.

After planting, create a watering basin and irrigate thoroughly. Apply mulch (2–4 inches deep) around the base, keeping it away from the trunk. Maintain consistent moisture without waterlogging, watering every 2 days initially and then once every 7–10 days after establishment.

Avoid overwatering, standing water, and heavy chemical fertilizers during early growth, as these can damage young plants. Light fertilization may be introduced after 2–3 months if necessary. Pruning should focus on removing damaged branches and preventing unwanted growth below grafted sections to ensure healthy development.